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Basanite  and Mugearite


Mugearite and Basanite 


Definition

Definition
Basanite is a black basaltic rock which mainly contains plagioclase, augite, olivine and nepheline and is formerly used as a touchstone   
Mugearite is a type of oligoclase bearing basalt, also comprising of olivine, apatite, and opaque oxides   

History
  
  

Origin
Unknown   
Skye, Scotland   

Discoverer
Unknown   
Alfred Harker   

Etymology
From Latin basanites + -ite   
From mugear +‎ -ite   

Class
Igneous Rocks   
Igneous Rocks   

Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Hard Rock   
Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock   

Family
  
  

Group
Not Applicable   
Volcanic   

Other Categories
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock   
Opaque Rock   

Texture

Texture
Aphanitic to Porphyritic   
Glassy, Massive, Porphyritic, Scoriaceous, Vesicular   

Color
Black, Brown, Green, Grey, Red, White   
Black, Brown, Light to Dark Grey   

Maintenance
Less   
Less   

Durability
Durable   
Durable   

Water Resistant
Yes   
Yes   

Scratch Resistant
Yes   
Yes   

Stain Resistant
Yes   
Yes   

Wind Resistant
Yes   
No   

Acid Resistant
Yes   
No   

Appearance
Glassy or Pearly   
Dull and Soft   

Uses

Architecture
  
  

Interior Uses
Decorative Aggregates, Homes   
Floor Tiles, Flooring, Homes, Hotels   

Exterior Uses
As Building Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings   
As Building Stone, Garden Decoration   

Other Architectural Uses
Whetstones   
Curbing   

Industry
  
  

Construction Industry
Arrowheads, Construction Aggregate, Cutting Tool, Spear Points   
As Dimension Stone, Cobblestones, Rail Track Ballast, Roadstone   

Medical Industry
Not Yet Used   
Not Yet Used   

Antiquity Uses
Artifacts, Monuments   
Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture   

Other Uses
  
  

Commercial Uses
As a touchstone, Creating Artwork, Gemstone, In fire-starting tools, Manufacture of tools, Metallurgical Flux, Jewelry, To ignite fire, Used in flintlock firearms   
Creating Artwork   

Types

Types
Nepheline-Basanite, Analcite-Basanite and Leucite-Basanite   
Alkaline Basalt, Boninite, High Alumina Basalt, Mid Ocean Ridge Basalt (MORB), Tholeiitic Basalt, Basaltic trachyandesite, Mugearite and Shoshonite   

Features
Clasts are smooth to touch, Easily splits into thin plates, Has High structural resistance against erosion and climate, Used as a touchstone   
Has High structural resistance against erosion and climate, Very fine grained rock   

Archaeological Significance
  
  

Monuments
Used   
Used   

Famous Monuments
Data Not Available   
Data Not Available   

Sculpture
Not Yet Used   
Used   

Famous Sculptures
Not Applicable   
Data Not Available   

Pictographs
Not Used   
Used   

Petroglyphs
Not Used   
Used   

Figurines
Not Yet Used   
Used   

Fossils
Absent   
Absent   

Formation

Formation
Basanite is a fine-grained, hard rock that forms when bits of lava shoot out of volcanoes.   
Mugearite forms when lava reaches the Earth's surface near an active volcano. The temperature of lava is between 1100 to 1250° C when it gets to the surface.   

Composition
  
  

Mineral Content
Augite, Feldspar, Ilmenite, Olivine, Plagioclase   
Olivine, Plagioclase, Pyroxene   

Compound Content
Potassium Oxide, Sodium Oxide, Silicon Dioxide   
Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, Potassium Oxide, MgO, MnO, Sodium Oxide, Phosphorus Pentoxide, Silicon Dioxide, Titanium Dioxide   

Transformation
  
  

Metamorphism
Yes   
Yes   

Types of Metamorphism
Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism   
Burial Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism   

Weathering
Yes   
Yes   

Types of Weathering
Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering   
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering   

Erosion
Yes   
No   

Types of Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion   
Not Applicable   

Properties

Physical Properties
  
  

Hardness
7   
6   

Grain Size
Fine Grained   
Not Applicable   

Fracture
Uneven, Splintery or Conchoidal   
Conchoidal   

Streak
White   
White to Grey   

Porosity
Highly Porous   
Less Porous   

Luster
Waxy and Dull   
Not Available   

Compressive Strength
Not Available   
37.50 N/mm2   
27

Cleavage
Non-Existent   
Not Applicable   

Toughness
1.5   
2.3   

Specific Gravity
2.5-2.8   
2.8-3   

Transparency
Translucent to Opaque   
Opaque   

Density
2.7 g/cm3   
2.9-3.1 g/cm3   

Thermal Properties
  
  

Specific Heat Capacity
0.74 kJ/Kg K   
19
0.84 kJ/Kg K   
15

Resistance
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant   
Heat Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant   

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents
  
  

Asia
Not Yet Found   
India, Russia   

Africa
Uganda   
South Africa   

Europe
Germany, Hungary, Italy, Spain   
Iceland   

Others
Greenland, Mid-Atlantic Ridge   
Not Yet Found   

Deposits in Western Continents
  
  

North America
USA   
Canada, USA   

South America
Bolivia, Brazil   
Brazil   

Deposits in Oceania Continent
  
  

Australia
New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia   
Not Yet Found   

Summary >>
<< Reserves

All about Basanite  and Mugearite Properties

Know all about Basanite  and Mugearite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Basanite  and Mugearite belong to Igneous Rocks.Texture of Basanite  is Aphanitic to Porphyritic whereas that of Mugearite is Glassy, Massive, Porphyritic, Scoriaceous, Vesicular. Basanite  appears Glassy or Pearly and Mugearite appears Dull and Soft. The luster of Basanite  is waxy and dull while that of Mugearite is not available. Basanite  is available in black, brown, green, grey, red, white colors whereas Mugearite is available in black, brown, light to dark grey colors. The commercial uses of Basanite  and Mugearite are as a touchstone, creating artwork, gemstone, in fire-starting tools, manufacture of tools, metallurgical flux, jewelry, to ignite fire, used in flintlock firearms.

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